不動產登記法律體系建設路徑探析的論文

時間：2024-06-27 03:38:00 法律畢業論文

不動產登記法律體系建設路徑探析的論文

　　摘要

不動產登記法律體系建設路徑探析的論文

　　我國的信托實踐在 2001 年《信托法》頒布后迅猛發展，但資產來源基本為資金，不動產因缺乏信托登記制度的保障一直無法有效成為信托資產。不動產信托在我國具有廣闊的需求空間，也是信托業轉型發展的重要方向。推動不動產信托在我國的實踐和發展，應當盡快建立不動產信托登記制度。目前，各界對于建立不動產信托登記制度的必要性已經達成共識，但對于如何進行制度設計仍存在不少模糊和爭議之處。本文論證了在統一的不動產登記制度體系下構建不動產信托登記制度的方案。

　　本文主要內容如下：

　　引言。不動產信托登記制度的缺失導致不動產信托實踐難以有效深入開展，解決這一問題在根本上要以信托財產登記制度為抓手。

　　正文在結構上可以分為兩大部分，第一章為總論，后三章為分論。

　　第一章討論不動產信托登記制度設計的理論依據。本章綜述了各界關于建立不動產信托公示制度必要性的共識，指出信托公示要支撐和服務于我國對信托制度的功能性移植。我國應以登記作為不動產信托的公示手段。由于不動產信托登記與不動產物權登記既有根本區別，又有密切聯系，我國應當在不動產登記體系下，依托現有的不動產物權登記制度來構建不動產信托登記制度。

　　第二章討論不動產信托登記制度的框架問題。一是不動產信托登記的機構應當與不動產物權登記的機構保持一致，但可增設統一的信托登記受理窗口。二是不動產信托登記有七種類型，其中多與不動產物權登記有牽連。三是不動產信托登記的效力應改采登記對抗主義，此時不動產信托登記相對獨立于不動產物權登記。四是不動產信托登記的內容應記載于不動產登記簿，但需在不動產登記簿中增設“信托關系登記信息”部分。

　　第三章討論不動產信托登記應當登記的內容。不動產信托登記應以信托外部關系為登記客體。不動產信托登記只需特別記載信托關系主體信息和信托外部關系內容，其核心內容是信托目的和受托人處分權限，信托目的事項應明確記載功能性信托目的，受托人處分權限事項應以反面登記方式記載信托文件對受托人處分權的限制。在表現形式上，應以公定的格式化文本記載和公示登記內容。

　　第四章討論不動產信托登記程序方面的特殊問題。不動產信托登記原則上應由信托行為當事人會同申請，例外情形下由受托人單獨申請。立法應當直接規定登記機構的審查職責。不動產信托登記應當建立與不動產信托產品登記、不動產信托受益權登記之間的信息共享機制。

　　關鍵詞：不動產信托登記理論依據制度框架登記內容登記程序

　　ABSTRACT

　　The practice of trust in China has rapidly developed after thepromulgation of Chinese Trust Law in 2001, but capital sources are almostlimited to money,and real estate is unable to become trust propertyeffectively due to a lack of trust registration system. However, a vastrequirement space for real estate trust exists in China, which is also animportant direction where trust business might turn to. A real estate trustregistration system should be established as soon as possible in order topromote the practice and development of real estate trust in China.

　　Although all walks of fields reach a consensus on the necessity of theestablishment of the real estate trust registration system, there is still somefuzziness and controversies on how to establish it. This paper demonstratesthe programme that establishing the real estate trust registration systemunder the uniform real estate registration system.

　　The main contents of this paper are as followings:

　　Introduction. The imperfection of real estate trust registration systemis a main threat to the practice of real estate trust, and the fundamentalsolution to it is tied to the registration system of trust property.

　　The text can be divided into two parts in structure: Chapter One is thegeneral provision, and Chapter Two to Four are the specifies.

　　Chapter One discusses the theoretic basis for the establishment of thereal estate trust registration system. It summarizes consensuses on thenecessity of establishment of the real estate trust registration system, andpoints out that trust publicity is supposed to support and serve thefunctional transplantation of trust system in China. China should takeregistration as the publicity method. Since there are some fundamentaldistinctions as well as close relationship between real estate trustregistration and real estate right registration, it is rational to establish thereal estate trust registration system under the uniform real estateregistration system, depending on the real estate right registration system.

　　Chapter Two discusses the frame questions about real estate trustregistration system. First, the institution responsible for real estate trustregistration should be in accordance with the real estate right registration,but a uniform acceptance window could be added. Second, the real estatetrust registration includes seven types, most of which are tied up with realestate right registration. Third, as for the legal effect of real estate trustregistration, registration confrontation principle should be adopted, and atthis moment, real estate trust registration is relatively independent from realestate right registration. Fourth, the content of real estate trust registrationshould be recorded at the real estate register on the condition that adds thepart of registration information about trust relationship.

　　Chapter Three discusses the content supposed to be recorded. Theobject of real estate trust registration should be external trust relationship.

　　The registration items only need specially contain subject information andthe content of external trust relationship which is the core ought to bedesigned around trust purposes and the disposition authority of trustee. Theitem of trust purpose should record the functional ones, and the item ofdisciplinary authority of the trustee should record the restrictions by trustdocuments in a negative way. All contents should be recorded andpublicized in the form of government-making formative files.

　　Chapter Four discusses some special questions about registrationprocedures. The basic applicants of the registration are parties of trustbehavior , but trustee could apply alone in exceptional situations.

　　Legislation should directly stipulate the duties of the registration institution.

　　There should be an information sharing mechanism among the propertyregistration of real estate trust, the product registration and the beneficiaryright registration.

　　KEY WORDS: real estate trust registration, theoretical basis,institutional framework, the content of registration, registration procedures

　　目錄

　　摘要

　　ABSTRACT

　　引言

　　一、研究背景

　　二、概念界定

　　三、文獻綜述

　　四、研究方法

　　五、本文創新之處

　　第一章不動產信托登記制度設計的理論依據

　　第一節信托公示的必要性