不可不學(xué)的十個(gè)演講技巧
1. Condense Your Main Message. Ideally you should get it down to a 30 second blurb. How do you do that? Start with the goal of your speech. Is it to convey knowledge? If so what is the main thrust? Perhaps your goal is to inspire your audience to take action. If so, what action do you want them to take Maybe your goal is to make your audience feel something. This is your overarching message. Write your first draft without attention to length at first. Once you've done that, then condense it. When you deliver your speech, touch on it at least 3 times or whenever appropriate, but be sure to include it in the beginning, middle, and especially at the end.1.濃縮你的演講主題。你最好能將你演講的主題精簡(jiǎn)到只有30秒的一段話。為此你要怎么做呢？這就必須從你的演講目的著手。它是用來(lái)傳達(dá)知識(shí)嗎？如何是，那么它的重點(diǎn)是什 么？或許你的演講目的是呼吁聽(tīng)眾行動(dòng)起來(lái)，那么你希望他們要采取什么行動(dòng)呢？或許你就是為了讓聽(tīng)眾們有所感悟。這些最重要的內(nèi)容才是你需要在演講中強(qiáng)調(diào)的。首先，寫(xiě)出首稿，不必理會(huì)字?jǐn)?shù)是多少。一旦初稿完成，就要濃縮它。在演講時(shí)，在任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)重復(fù)你的演講主題三遍以上，但是，你一定要在演講的開(kāi)始，中段，尤其要在末尾提及到演講主題。
2. Have Three Main Points. Even if you need to cover many different ideas, try to categorize them into 3 main points that all tie back to your Main Message. Let your audience know you'll be talking about those 3 main points in the beginning. This will help them to follow along, especially if you are not using visual aids. And keep in mind that this holds true regardless of the length of your speech.2.三個(gè)要點(diǎn)。這適用于長(zhǎng)短不同的演說(shuō)。即使你必須表達(dá)很多不同的想法，你也要盡力將它們歸納成圍繞主題的三個(gè)要點(diǎn)。在演講開(kāi)始時(shí)讓你的聽(tīng)眾知道你會(huì)談?wù)撨@三要點(diǎn)。這會(huì)有助于他們緊跟你的思路，特別是讓你在沒(méi)有使用其他視覺(jué)輔助工具的時(shí)候，仍然保持聽(tīng)眾的注意力。
3. Include only the Most Powerful Data and Facts. Like preparing your main message, collect all the data you think you might want to include in your speech. Then go through it all and include only the data that helps you dramatically drive home your main message and your 3 main points. Less is more. If the data doesn't pack a punch don't include it.3.列舉最有力的資料和事實(shí)。如同準(zhǔn)備你的演講主題，將所有可能包含到演講中的資料都收集起來(lái)。然后詳細(xì)地分析它們，選取最能充分表現(xiàn)演講主題和三個(gè)要點(diǎn)的資料。緊記：寧缺毋濫。如果那些資料不能強(qiáng)有力地支持主題，就不要用它們。
4. Visual Aids. Keep Powerpoint presentations as concise as possible. Use as few words as you can and whenever possible use pictures and graphics instead.4.借助視覺(jué)輔助工具。盡可能將幻燈片制作得簡(jiǎn)明扼要。盡量使用圖畫(huà)和圖表以代替文字。
5. Speech Outline Cue Cards. If you must use a prompt, use flash cards that only contain an outline of your speech with the main topics and facts. Reading from a script will sound like just that and will most likely not engage your audience.5.使用演講卡片。如果你在演講的時(shí)候一定需要提示，那么就使用一些只寫(xiě)有要點(diǎn)和事例的提綱小卡片。讀稿式的演講聽(tīng)上去只會(huì)像是讀稿，而且很可能留不住聽(tīng)眾的注意力。
更多演講技巧：演講技巧與有效溝通
6. Practice. Show of hands: how many of you prefer to "wing it" when making a speech? Ok, you're not alone. Now another show of hands: how many of you get up the podium and think "Oh crap, I should have practiced?" Yeah, ok, so you know where I'm headed with this. Practice. The goal is not to be able to deliver the exact words verbatim. The goal is to be able to memorize your outline, to sound natural, and feel relaxed while delivering your speech. Practice your speech at least 5 times with at least one of those times recording yourself. This will help you to edit your delivery.6.勤加練習(xí)。想想，你們當(dāng)中有多少人演講會(huì)選擇即興發(fā)揮？很好，你不是唯一一個(gè)。現(xiàn)在再想想，你們當(dāng)中有多少人，當(dāng)踏上演講臺(tái)時(shí)會(huì)想：“噢，我應(yīng)該事先練習(xí)一下。”好了，那你現(xiàn)在明白我是什么意思了吧。練習(xí)的目標(biāo)不是能夠?qū)⒚總�(gè)字準(zhǔn)確讀出來(lái)，而是要能夠記住演講的大概內(nèi)容，讓演講時(shí)語(yǔ)氣聽(tīng)上去自然一點(diǎn)，讓自己演講時(shí)放輕松。練習(xí)演講至少五次，而且至少有一次有錄音。這會(huì)有助于修正你的演講風(fēng)格。
7. Release the Nerves. Before giving your speech release some of your nervous energy and pump up your confidence with some physical body movements that show strength. Do some jumping jacks. Raise your arms high. Jog around the hallway listening to some music. Stop about 5 minutes before your speech to do one last brief review of your notes.7.釋放焦慮情緒。在發(fā)表講話前，通過(guò)進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單的運(yùn)動(dòng)為自己的打氣，釋放一部分緊張情緒。比如說(shuō)跳躍運(yùn)動(dòng)，揮舞手臂，在走廊邊慢跑邊聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。在演講開(kāi)始前5分鐘停下來(lái)，對(duì)筆記做最后一次簡(jiǎn)單的回顧。
8. The Pep Talk. Before you go "on stage" give your self a pep talk. You could say something like: "I am going to deliver a powerful speech today. People will understand my powerful message and will be inspired to take action. And I am going to have fun doing this! I can't wait!"8.運(yùn)用自我激勵(lì)的話語(yǔ)。在你登臺(tái)演講之前，對(duì)自己說(shuō)一些自我激勵(lì)的話，比方說(shuō)：“今天我的演講一定會(huì)很成功！”；“聽(tīng)眾一定會(huì)領(lǐng)會(huì)我的意思，并受到鼓舞立刻行動(dòng)的！”；“我一定會(huì)演講得很開(kāi)心！我已經(jīng)等不及要開(kāi)始了！”來(lái)鼓勵(lì)自己。
9. Smile and Have Fun. Make it a point to enjoy giving the speech. Have fun. What's the worst that could happen? You could fall down, sneeze, get dry mouth, have shallow breathing, and so on. Who cares? If it happens just keep smiling and if appropriate refer to it to produce an easy laugh for your audience. But then move on. Just like an ice skater in a competition, keep smiling no matter what and if you fall down, just get back up and keep going.9.保持微笑，輕松，自在。愉快地享受演講的過(guò)程吧。什么最壞的情況會(huì)出現(xiàn)？你可能會(huì)摔倒，打噴嚏，嘴巴干渴，喘氣等等。不過(guò)誰(shuí)介意呢？就算真的發(fā)生了，只需保持微笑，適當(dāng)?shù)?話讓它變成令你的聽(tīng)眾輕松一笑的題材。然后繼續(xù)你的演講。就像比賽中的滑冰選手，就算跌倒了，也保持微笑立刻爬起來(lái)并繼續(xù)下去。
10. When You Can't Smile. Ok, the exception to smiling and having fun is if you need to deliver a very serious or solemn message. If that's the case, then cultivate the proper tone by taking a few moments before the speech to close your eyes and visualize how you want to sound and look. Visualization is a powerful form of practice.10.當(dāng)你不能笑的時(shí)候。例外的情況是，讓你要發(fā)表一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)肅、莊重的演講時(shí)，你不能面帶微笑。在這種情況下，演講前的幾分鐘，閉上眼睛，想一下應(yīng)該用什么適當(dāng)?shù)纳駪B(tài)和語(yǔ)調(diào)來(lái)演講。想象也是一種十分有用的演講練習(xí)。
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