2017年陜西省高考英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題
閱讀理解歷來都是高考英語中篇幅最大、計分最高的題目。這一題的得分?jǐn)?shù)直接影響到考生的整個卷面成績。為了幫助大家，小編整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解試題，希望能幫到大家!
第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，20小題，每題2分，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。
A
“Asia’s Challenge 2020” Essay Prize
DESCRIPTION
What is the most important challenge facing Asia over the next decade? Why? What should be done about it?
The best answer in 3,000 words or less will win a prize of $2,500. Two runners-up will be awarded prizes of $1,000 each. These three prize winners will be invited to Singapore for an expenses-paid awards ceremony. The winning articles will be posted on Time. com.
PURPOSE
The main purpose of the essay prize is to generate fresh ideas for tackling key challenges to Asia’s continued competitiveness and development, as well as encourage young professionals to make an impact on public policy and business in Asia.
SELECTION CRITERIA
The essay will be judged according to creativity, innovation, rigor of research and writing, as well as achievability of idea. It can be focused on one or more areas relevant to Asia, such as macro-economics, business, international relations, trade and investment, education, healthcare, urban development, science and technology, and energy and the environment. The essay must be written in English. It should not have been previously published in English in a publication with broad international circulation.
CANDIDATE REQUIREMENTS
The candidate authoring the essay must be under 32 years of age as of December 31, 2010. The candidate must be an Asian national.
SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
The essay should be submitted electronically to prize@ asiabusinesscouncil. Org. by August 31, 2010. Prize winners will be announced in September 2010.
The submission should contain the candidate’s full name, nationality, and month and year of birth. The essay should include a title and word count.
21. What is the main purpose of the essay prize?
A. To select young professionals of both ability and imagination.
B. To predict the prospects of Asia in the next decade.
C. To inspire brilliant ideas for solving problems in Asia
D. To issue the challenges facing Asia.
22. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Articles published in local newspapers will not be accepted.
B. The winners of the essay prize can travel to Singapore for free.
C. Young people from Russia or Australia are excluded from the essay prize.
D. The candidate’s article can deal with several aspects of developments in Asia.
23. The candidate’s article should be sent ________.
A. by air mail B. by e-mail C. by surface mail D. by express mail
B
So hungry do some plants get that they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What’s more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they’re found on every continent except Antarctica.
You’ve probably seen a Venus’ flytrap. It’s often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks (莖) are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger (觸發(fā)) hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shuts. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.
The Venus’ flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous ( 食肉的 ) Plant Society’s Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.
Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: “attract, kill, digest, and absorb”some form of insects, including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants---well, most of the time.
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes “meat-eating” plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen (氮). Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can’t obtain any other way. While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil, “meat-eating” plants can’t. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they’ve come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to “meat-eating” plants. Never fertilize them! But don’t worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they’ll grow very slowly.
24. According to the passage, carnivorous plants ___________.
A. only grow in wild field B. cannot grow on Antarctica
C. are as common as flies D. are rare to see
25. Venus’ flytrap preys on insects by ___________.
A. its numerous long and thin stalks
B. a container where it grows
C. the lining of tiny trigger hairs
D. its insect-catching leaves
26. We can conclude from the third paragraph that ___________.
A. carnivorous plants are dangerous
B. carnivorous plants are harmless to humans
C. carnivorous plants occasionally eat books
D. carnivorous plants are fictional
27. In the eyes of the author, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil.
B. Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil.
C. Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects.
D. Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil
C
In a class this past December, after I wrote some directions on the board for students about their final examination, one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smart phone. When I looked in her direction, she apologized, “Sorry. Was it wrong to take a picture?”
“I can’t read my own handwriting,” the young woman explained. “It’s best if I take a picture of your writing so I can understand the notes.”
That remark started a class-wide conversation about taking a picture instead of taking notes. For those in the photo-taking camp, motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehend their own handwriting. Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to store material. They might lose paper, they reasoned, but they wouldn’t lose their phones. Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had noted information on the board. Others told me that during class they liked to be able to listen to the discussion attentively.
Yet the use of cameras as note takers, though it may be convenient, does raise significant questions for the classroom. Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?
Instructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merely recording necessary information—it helps prepare the way for understanding. Encouraging students to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method, but just because a method has a long history doesn’t mean it’s out of date. Writing things down engages a student’s brain in listening, visual, and kinesthetic(觸覺的.) learning—a view supported by a longstanding research. The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory, and to process and combine it, establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.
Taking a picture does indeed record the information, but it deletes some of the necessary mental engagement that taking notes employs. So can the two be equally effective?
28. The woman apologized in the class because she_________.
A. took a picture of the board B. missed the teachers’ directions
C. had the bad handwriting
D. disturbed other students’ learning
29. According to the passage, which of the following may NOT explain students’ unwillingness to take notes?
A. They believe smart phones are much safer for storing notes.
B. They want to listen more attentively in class.
C. They lack proper techniques for taking notes.
D. They want to have the exact version of the notes on the board.
30. According to the passage, taking notes by hand__________.
A. requires students to think independently
B. seems unsuitable for students to learn new ideas
C. proves to be an old and useless learning method
D. helps students actively participate in learning
31. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The traditional way of note-taking should be replaced.
B. Note-taking by hand is not out of date.
C. A modern way of note-taking is catching on.
D. A picture is worth a thousand words.
D
The family does not feature heavily in the culture of the Ik of Northern Uganda. In fact, as far as the Ik are concerned, the family means very little. This is because the Ik face a daily struggle to survive in the face of drought, famine and starvation. Anyone who cannot take care of himself or herself is regarded as a useless burden by the Ik and a threat to the survival of the others. So the old are abandoned to die. Sick and disabled children too are abandoned. The Ik attitude is that, as long as you keep the breeding group alive, you can always get more children.
Ik mothers throw their children out of the village compound when they are 3 years old, to defend for themselves. I imagine children must be rather relieved to be thrown out, for in the process of being cared for, he or she is reluctantly carried about in a hide sling(背嬰兒帶) wherever the mother goes. Whenever the mother is in her field, she loosens the sling and lets the baby to the ground none too slowly, and laughs if it is hurt. Then she goes about her business, leaving the child there, almost hoping that some fierce animals will come along and carry it off. This sometimes happens. Such behaviour does not endear children to their parents or parents to their children.
Many of you probably reacted to the Ik with some horror and shock. It is very tempting to conclude that these people are primitive, savage and inhuman, and that their concept of the ‘family’ is deeply wrong. However, sociologists argue that it is wrong to simply judge such societies and their family arrangements as unnatural and untypical. We need to understand that such arrangements may have positive functions. In the case of the Ik, with the exceptional circumstances they find themselves in—drought and famine—their family arrangements help ensure the survival of the tribe.
Moreover, some of you may have concluded that British family life and the Ik have some things in common. British family is not universally experienced as positive for all family members. For some members of our own society—for young and old alike—family life may be characterized by violence, abuse and isolation.
The problem with studying the family is that we all think we are experts. This is not surprising, considering that most of us are born in families and socialized into family roles and responsibilities. It is an institution most of us feel very comfortable with and regard as ‘natural’. For many of us, it is a cornerstone of our social world, a place to which we can retreat and take refuge from the stresses of the outside world. It is the place in which we are loved for who we are, rather than what we are. Family living and family events are probably the most important aspects of our lives. It is no wonder that we tend to hold very fierce, emotional, and perhaps irrational views about family life and how it ought to be organized. Such ‘taken for granted’ views make it very difficult for us to objectively examine family arrangements that differ from our own experience—such as those of the Ik—without making critical judgments.
32. Which of the following ideas do the Ik hold according to the passage?
A. The survival of the tribe is what they should strive for.
B. The old are the luxuries they should treasure.
C. Their children should be abandoned when born.
D. The family is the centre of their life.
33. Which of the following will the author probably agree with in the case of Ik?
A. Mothers prefer to carry their children here and there.
B. The children are a great burden to their family.
C. The children enjoy warm relationship with their parents.
D. Many children should be left at the mercy of fierce animals in the field.
34. According to the author, both British family life and that of the Ik _____.
A. endear family members B. ensure longevity
C. experience ups and downs D.contain negative elements
35. All of the following statements support “family is the cornerstone” EXCEPT that ______.
A. we pour our bad mood upon our family members
B. we find we love and are loved in the family
C. we believe family is the top priority in our life
D. we turn to family as our harbour in heart
第二節(jié) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
While serious training is important for all dogs, playtime is just as important. 36 Use these games to help teach your dog how to play.
Hide and Seek
Hide and seek isn’t just for kids. Dogs can really enjoy this game. Pick up one of your dog’s favorite toys or treats. Tell your dog to stay. 37 When you are ready, call your dog to come to you. If possible, squeak(使吱吱叫) the toy or shake the treats. Reward your dog with praise and the toy treats when she finds you.
Fetch
Many dogs have a natural ability to fetch. Other dogs can be taught how. 38 Play indoors with a soft toy or outdoors in a fenced-in area with a ball or disc. For dogs that really love to run, try this game of fetch!
Find the Treat
Dogs have superior senses of smell, and most love to use their noses to find food. Let your dog use her brain and her nose to find hidden goodies. First, have your dog stay out of sight. Then，hide her favorite treats in different places around the room. 39 If help is needed，you can lead her around or point to areas for her to explore.
Whatever the game, safety comes first! Remember to watch your dog for signs of exhaustion or overheating when you are playing. Stop if your dog seems tired or shows signs of anxiety.
40 When other dogs or people are around, it may create a dangerous distraction (分神).
A. You can include games in training as well.
B. Try different games to see which your dog responds to best.
C. A good game of fetch can be played almost anywhere.
D. Then, go to find a good hiding place.
E. Bring your dog back in and tell her to “go find!”
F. Encourage your dog to play with other dogs.
G. Also be aware of your surroundings when playing with your dog.
參考答案：
21-23 CAB 24-27 BDBA 28-31 ACDB 32-35 ABDA 36-40 ADCEG
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