托福寫作技巧及思路解析
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一、運動興趣類話題
(A/D) Peopleshould take time to relax with hobbies or physical activities that are verydifferent from what they do at work. 【2014.7.6 ML】
托福寫作思路解析：
主論點：同意
思路：
1. 讓人全面發(fā)展：well-rounded: mentally and physically active
2. 擴(kuò)大社交圈people from all walks of life / like-minded peers
3. 放松：relax=unwind = loosen up by doing something/ take their mind off their busy work/refreshed and recharged
類似題目：
1. Workers would be much happier if they aredoing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task.(130412NA)
2. It is more likely for people with moreskills to succeed.
必背話題語料：
1. 讓人全面發(fā)展：well-rounded:
Developinghobbies or physical activities different from daily work can make peoplebetter-rounded. In other words, those people who are used to a sedentary lifestylewill become mentally and physically active.
2. 認(rèn)識各行各業(yè)具有相同興趣的人make acquaintance with like-minded peersfrom all walks of life.
People withhobbies or physical activities different from their jobs will have the chanceto make acquaintance with like-minded peers from all walks of life.
3. 更好的放松方式a better outlet of loosening up (relax=unwind = loosen up by doing something/ take their mind off their busy work/refreshed and recharged)
Pursuing a hobbywill be a better outlet of loosening up for people with tight and boring workschedule.
4、stress relief n. 壓力的消除，解壓
*Hobbies canconnect you with others, which can bring stress relief and social support. 興趣能讓你和別人聯(lián)絡(luò)，這就能讓壓力消除，并且有助于人際關(guān)系。
5、be overwhelmed by sth. 壓力山大，不知所措
*Those who feeloverwhelmed by work can benefit from hobbies because they provide an outlet forstress.那些被工作壓得喘不過氣來的人能從愛好中受益良多因為愛好能提供一種解壓的方式。
6、besusceptible to sth. 易患…;易受…影響
*People with asedentary lifestyle are more susceptible to obesity and heart diseases. 久坐生活習(xí)慣的人更可能罹患肥胖癥和心臟病。
7、a remedyfor sth. …的解決辦法
*A hobby canserve as a remedy for stress and restore your vitality and whenever you arestressed out. 興趣愛好可以作為壓力的解決辦法，在你壓力山大的時候恢復(fù)精力。
8、sharea lot/much/something in common 有共通之處
*When two peopleshare something in common, they are more likely to get along. 如果兩個人有共同點，那么就比較容易相處。
9、chaseaway 趕走;驅(qū)逐
*While you pursuea hobby, you may discover that you have a talent for something unusual, whichcan chase away any work-related stress. 在你培養(yǎng)一個愛好的時候，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你對于某個特別的事物有天賦，這就能驅(qū)散你工作的壓力。
二、學(xué)校教育類話題
A high school has decided that all students must take a class in which they learn a practical skill. School administrators are trying to decide whether to hold a class in cooking, managing personal finances or auto repair. Which do you think the school should require students to take? Why?
托福寫作思路解析：
這道題目是一個三選一的題目，這類題目最簡單的思考方式，就是從A,B,C三個選項中，選出其中一項，然后說出這一項的好處，然后說出另外兩種的缺陷，就可以了。此題，筆者建議選擇managing personal finances，具體思路如下
全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
理由一：獲得理財能力，可以幫助學(xué)生形成理性的消費觀，避免攀比心理，從而合理分配自己的零用錢。眾所周知，形成合理消費的習(xí)慣對于學(xué)生現(xiàn)在和未來的生活都起到非常重要的作用。(To begin with, Acquiring the ability of managing money can help students form a rational view of spending and avoid competing mind between each other, thus making them allocating money properly. As we know, the formation of distributing one’s financial resources has a great influence on students’ current and future life. )
理由二：學(xué)習(xí)做飯會存在安全隱患，因為學(xué)生缺乏安全意識，很容易引起火災(zāi)。而且，會浪費時間，因為學(xué)生完全可以去餐廳吃飯，而不需要自己做飯。(Secondly, there are a few advantages of learning cooking. For one thing, potential safety hazards may accompany the process of cooking, because students usually lack the awareness of safety, which may result in the outbreak of fire. For another, cooking by students themselves may waste much precious time which can be saved by eating in canteen.)
理由三：學(xué)習(xí)修車對學(xué)生來說實用性不強(qiáng)，因為學(xué)生出行的方式主要是自行車或做公交車。(Thirdly, learning auto repair is not useful for students because most of them usually go to school by riding bike or taking public transportation.)
結(jié)尾段：綜上所述，我認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該開始的課程是理財課。(Judging from what has been discussed above, it is reasonable to draw the conclusion that schools should require their students to take the course of managing finance. )
三、技能學(xué)習(xí)類話題
It is as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people.
托福寫作思路解析：
這個題目是一個A=B的題目，筆者建議同意，因為只需分別說出A和B的各一個好處，就可以成功論證具體思路如下：
全文思路梳理：
理由一：對老年人重要：因為可以鍛煉思維，預(yù)防記憶力反應(yīng)力的退化，或者老年癡呆癥。(On the one hand, there is no denying that learning new things plays an important role in practicing the thinking of the old and is beneficial for their health. As we all know, it’s easier for old people to suffer from the lapse of memory and Alzheimer disease, and mental labor can contribute to preventing these illness.(+具體事例))
理由二：對年輕人重要：學(xué)習(xí)新的技能可以讓年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)工作中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，在激烈的競爭中脫穎而出。(On the other hand, it’s also indisputable that acquiring new knowledge is crucial for the young due to the fierce competition today. In order to outcompete others, youngsters have to develop more skills through learning new things.(+具體事例))
四、古今對比類話題
It is as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people.
托福寫作思路解析：
這個題目是一個A=B的題目，筆者建議同意，因為只需分別說出A和B的各一個好處，就可以成功論證具體思路如下：
全文思路梳理：
理由一：對老年人重要：因為可以鍛煉思維，預(yù)防記憶力反應(yīng)力的退化，或者老年癡呆癥。(On the one hand, there is no denying that learning new things plays an important role in practicing the thinking of the old and is beneficial for their health. As we all know, it’s easier for old people to suffer from the lapse of memory and Alzheimer disease, and mental labor can contribute to preventing these illness.(+具體事例))
理由二：對年輕人重要：學(xué)習(xí)新的技能可以讓年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)工作中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，在激烈的競爭中脫穎而出。(On the other hand, it’s also indisputable that acquiring new knowledge is crucial for the young due to the fierce competition today. In order to outcompete others, youngsters have to develop more skills through learning new things.(+具體事例))
五、大學(xué)教育類話題
The main role of a university professor is to educate students rather than to do research.
托福寫作思路解析：
題目中探討的核心是老師的角色，而且包含明顯的兩個方面，即“教育學(xué)生”和“做研究”。這樣的題目推薦大家使用【讓步-轉(zhuǎn)折-遞進(jìn)】式寫法，這樣每個方面只需想出1-2個理由點即可較容易地展開全文。
全文思路：
讓步段：誠然，大學(xué)教授的一個重要的職責(zé)是去教育學(xué)生，為了幫助他們?yōu)閷淼氖聵I(yè)打下基礎(chǔ)。(Admittedly, one of the vital roles of university professors is to educate students for helping undergraduates to lay the foundation for their careers in the near future.)古語有云，師者，傳業(yè)授道解惑也，上面這句話表明老師是學(xué)生獲得知識的重要來源。這對于大學(xué)生即將踏入職場而言尤其如此。具體而言，一個英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生需要老師教授正確的發(fā)音和基本的聽說讀寫能力;一個金融專業(yè)的學(xué)生需要從老師那里獲得財會知識。
轉(zhuǎn)折段：但不管怎樣，教授的另外一個關(guān)鍵的職責(zé)是去做學(xué)術(shù)研究，這樣不僅可以推動科研的進(jìn)步而且還可以提升老師的名氣。(Nevertheless, another crucial role of professors is doing academic research in order to promote the advances in scientific research and promote the fame of teachers.)一方面，在大多數(shù)國家科研人員主要組成就是高校教師。如果老師集中精力在科研上，國家的科研成果將會更加豐富，也有可能取得更多突破。另一方面，科研領(lǐng)域的成果將會在很大程度上提升老師的名氣，因為現(xiàn)在評判老師的一個很重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是科研成果的多少。
遞進(jìn)：在我看來，做研究其實比僅僅傳授知識更有意義。實際上，很多研究能夠讓學(xué)生參與到研究過程中，從而有效地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們對于某一領(lǐng)域的興趣，進(jìn)而激發(fā)他們更積極地學(xué)習(xí)更多知識。(From my perspective, doing academic research is virtually more significant than merely imparting knowledge. In fact, some research can effectively cultivate students’ interests in a certain field and can thus motivate them to acquire more knowledge in this realm energetically. )
必備短語：
1.Just as a saying goes,正如諺語所說：
Just as a saying goes, a teacher is the one who could propagate thedoctrine，impart professional knowledge and resolve doubts, which indicates that teachers are the main source of gaining knowledge.
2.Faculty from institution of higher education來自高等院校的教職工
The researchers and scholars in most countries are mainly composed of faculty from institution of higher education, especially prestigious universities.
3.The same is true of .. 對… 同理
The same is true of college students who are to enter into the employment.
4.Spawn research fruits in various fields 在諸多領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生豐富科研成果
More time and energy of professors are dedicated to scientific research, which spawn research fruits in various fields.
六、政府環(huán)境類話題
Government should pay more attention to economic development than to environmental protection.
托福寫作思路解析：
題目大意為：政府應(yīng)該更加關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展而非環(huán)境保護(hù)。
此題目有明顯的兩個比較對象，所以可以用波波老師的課堂上講過的讓步—轉(zhuǎn)折—遞進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)來寫。具體思路為：
讓步：
Admittedly, economic development can provide people with job vacancies and thus meet their basic need of life. For example, reforms and opening up policy.
轉(zhuǎn)折：
However, protecting environment is very important for government to improve public health, since a clean environment plays a key role in helping people maintain good health.
展開環(huán)境的不同方面對人們健康的影響：水，空氣污染
遞進(jìn)：
Actually, it depends on the development stage of a country whether economic development is more important than environmental protection.
類似題目：
1.Government should pay more attention on health care issues than on environmental issues.
2.The most important things for governments to improve public health are to clean the environment.
必備短語：
1. maintain good health= stay in shape 保持健康
Importance should be attached to environmental issues by the government, since a clean environment plays a key role in helping people maintain good health.
2. car exhaust emission 汽車尾氣排放
However, with the increasing number of private car and proliferation of chemical factories, car exhaust emission and waste gas from industries will produce atmospheric pollution and lead to the poor air condition.
3. wreak havoc on 對..產(chǎn)生巨大傷害
All of these are the causes of environmental deterioration, which will in turn wreak havoc on the health of people.
4. the surge of the unemployment rate 失業(yè)率激增
The surge of the unemployment rate accompanied by the economic recession will incur the social disorder and even chaos.
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